The Oligochaeta belong to the phylum Annelida, the segmented worms. Their best-known representatives are the earthworms, which are restricted to the Lumbricidae family in Germany, but comprise several families worldwide. They are important ecosystem engineers that decompose and distribute organic material in soil, thus regulating the carbon cycle and ensuring soil fertility. As the second important group of decomposer communities, Enchytraeidae (potworms) also belong to the Oligochaeta group. Depending on the ecosystem, their role in the soil is just as important as that of earthworms, but they work on a smaller scale due to their smaller body size. The research focus of the Oligochaeta section is on the community composition of earthworms and potworms in Central European ecosystems.
Section
Oligochaeta

Research
The Oligochaeta section was founded in 2025, and is investigating the biodiversity and ecology of Enchytraeidae and earthworms in Central European ecosystems. The focus is on natural systems, their conservation and restoration, and the ecosystem services provided by soil fauna.
Together, potworms (Enchytraeidae) and earthworms represent one of the most important groups of primary decomposers in our ecosystems. Through their feeding activity, organic material is decomposed, its nutrients made available to plants, and humus is built up. However, the individual species are very different from each other, and their species communities vary considerably depending on various environmental factors. Each species is characterized by certain properties (traits) that relate either to its physical characteristics (morphological traits) or to its function in the ecosystem (functional traits). For this reason, earthworms and potworms are suitable indicators of soil health and ecosystem services. The Oligochaeta section investigates how changes in external conditions (e.g. through land use, renaturation, climate change) affect the species communities and thus the traits of the communities. To this end, we use species lists of morphologically determined earthworms and Enchytraeidae, as well as molecular methods. Functional traits are analyzed via the analysis of compound specific stable isotopes and proteome fingerprinting.
Being part of the “Unknown Germany” consortium, the TrenDiv project (“Trends in hidden taxa and habitats – understanding the extent and impact of the biodiversity crisis”) investigates changes in the biodiversity of understudied organisms over time. The project runs from 1 April 2025 to 31 March 2028, and is funded by the Leibniz Association as a SAW project. Project partners include the German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research – Senckenberg am Meer, the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change – Museum of Nature Hamburg, the Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, and the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart.
Together with these partners, we are investigating the biodiversity of highly diverse groups such as soil animals (springtails, Oribatida, Nematoda, potworms), organisms in the marine and limnic benthos (Crustaceans), insects (Diptera, Hymenoptera), and their microbiomes. Therefore, we are resampling sites where the biodiversity of these groups was studied earlier, particularly in the 1980s and 1990s. Comparing past and present species diversity across sites throughout Germany, combined with the analysis of functional traits, allows us to document changes in biodiversity and functional diversity over the past 40–50 years and draw conclusions about changes in the ecosystem functions they mediate.
In the project “Biodiversity Exploratories – Diversity of Enchytraeidae and their Functions (BE-DEF)” we investigate the impact of land use on the diversity of potworms within the framework of the DFG Biodiversity Exploratories. The project runs from 1 March 2026 to 29 February 2029, and is conducted in collaboration with the Functional Environmental Genomics research group at the Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center in Frankfurt am Main.
Across three regions of Germany (Schorfheide-Chorin, Hainich-Dün, Swabian Alb), potworm communities are studied in a total of 150 grassland plots, representing a land-use gradient with varying intensities of mowing, grazing, and/or fertilization. Community analysis is primarily conducted using barcoding, while protein fingerprints are simultaneously generated for individual species via mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and evaluated for their ecological interpretability. Furthermore, component-specific analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes is used to draw conclusions about the basal food resources of individual species, and to evaluate changes in resource use of potworms along the land-use gradient.
- Edaphobase
- Unkown Germany
- TrenDiv
Collection
The earthworm collection of the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz contains approx. 16,000 collection units of earthworms of the family Lumbricidae. These are mainly from Germany, e.g. from the permanent soil observation plots of the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt.
The collection of Enchytraeidae is currently under development.
Team
Head of section

Team

