Working group

Biodiversity Mapping

The working group for biodiversity mapping has been recording the biotope types in Frankfurt’s urban area since 1985 and also carries out in-depth floristic and zoological studies. In 2023, the project was relaunched in the form of a 12-year research collaboration between the Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research (SGN) and the Environmental Agency of the City of Frankfurt entitled ‘Förderung der Arten- und Biotopvielfalt in Frankfurt am Main – Identifizierung von Maßnahmen zur Minderung der Folgen von Klimawandel und Nutzungsdruck’.

History of the working group

The flora and fauna of Frankfurt and the surrounding area has been scientifically studied and documented in the collections of the Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research (SGN) for over 200 years. The connection of the working group for biodiversity mapping to the Senckenberg Research Institute is obvious, as it provides the best conditions for recording, analysing and evaluating changes in flora, fauna and biotopes.

History of the working group

The commissioning of the Senckenberg Research Institute with an area-wide biodiversity mapping by the Frankfurt City Council in 1985 marked the beginning of many years of co-operation. In the meantime, an important long-term monitoring programme has emerged. From the very beginning, the intention was to deepen and complete knowledge about nature and its changes in the urban area in order to provide a solid basis for targeted and more effective urban planning and nature conservation work.

The first round of biodiversity mapping of the city area was completed in 1990. Since then, revision mapping has been carried out in a frequency of approximately 6 years in order to constantly update the data basis. From the year 2000, the biodiversity mapping was also extended to Frankfurt’s municipal forest, which had previously been excluded from the surveys. Since the working group was founded, additional in-depth floristic-faunistic surveys have been carried out in selected areas and habitats. In addition, topics such as landscape structure and biotope networks, species inventories, nature conservation and maintenance and development of biotopes have been analysed as part of special projects (e. g. Frankfurt 21, Airport Project, Frankfurter Kreuz, Cities Dare Wilderness).

The results of the working group for biodiversity mapping provide scientific information on the condition, endangerment and need for protection as well as the development potential of nature in the city. In addition, we create knowledge about the distribution of habitats, plant and animal species, which can be used to plan maintenance and protection measures. This is an important basis for the city’s urban planning, for example with regard to intervention regulations, and were a central basis for Frankfurt’s species and biotope protection concept published in 2021.

art of the investigations.

Research

Current Research

Since the founding of the working group in 1985, the mapping of biotope types in the urban area of Frankfurt has been a central component of its remit. The first mapping round took place between 1985 and 1990, and since then regular revision mapping has been carried out to continuously update the database. The seventh mapping round began in 2024 and is currently underway. The biotope mapping in Frankfurt has thus developed into an important long-term monitoring programme.

A mapping round usually lasts six years, with different areas of the city being mapped according to a specific rhythm (figure map). The city centre (coloured in blue) and the municipal forest (coloured in green) are only surveyed in every second round.

From the outset, the central working tool has been the biotope mapping key, in which the various mapping units, consisting of natural habitats and urban structure types (e.g. various forms of settlements or traffic areas), are precisely defined. The working group developed its own mapping key, which is adapted to the conditions in Frankfurt and has been modified and improved several times over the decades. The fourth version of the biotope mapping key (Bönsel et al. 2007) is currently in use, and a fifth revised and supplemented version is currently being prepared. The citywide mapping of the urban area is carried out at a scale of 1:2000, with a focus on the documentation of legally protected biotopes and habitat types listed in Annex I of the Habitats Directive of the European Union.

The results of the mapping are digitised and are available as geodata. These are freely available on the geoportal of the City of Frankfurt (in the menu: Themen -> Fachdaten -> Umwelt -> Biotopkartierung).

The extensive and long-term data basis enables a quantitative and spatial analysis of the changes in the various biotope types within the urban area. This also allows to draw conclusions about the causes of change, such as land use intensification or the effects of climate change. In this way, the working group can also develop protective measures and recommendations for action to counteract negative developments.

Flora of Frankfurt

Since its foundation, the Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research has focussed its research on the flora of the Rhine-Main region and Hesse. This is documented by numerous publications as well as extensive herbarium collections and unpublished data in the Herbarium Senckenbergianum (FR). The biotope mapping in Frankfurt and special projects on biodiversity recording provide a unique, comprehensive database on the inventory and distribution of plant species in Frankfurt.

Based on this data and years of field work, a list of ferns and flowering plants in Frankfurt am Main has been compiled, which can be downloaded here. The list was published in September 2008 in the journal Senckenbergiana biologica. The species list is updated at regular intervals.

List of ferns and flowering plants of Frankfurt am Main, as at April 2009, with explanatory notes [in German]
Updated species list of ferns and flowering plants of Frankfurt am Main, as of September 2019 with explanations above [in German]

Please cite the list of Frankfurt’s Flora in publications as follows: Bönsel, D., Ottich, I., Malten, A., Zizka, G. (2008). An updated list of the vascular plants of Frankfurt am Main (Pteridophyta & Spermatophyta). Senckenberg. Biol. 88 (1): 111-121.

The website www.flora-frankfurt.de has been online since 2009 and makes the results of botanical research in the city accessible to a wide audience. All species recorded from Frankfurt are presented here in short portraits. The known occurrences of the species are shown on maps with a variety of visualisation options. A special feature of the website is that it also provides information on the history of the species in the region, e.g. their spread, previous utilisation, decline and causes of threat.

The website is currently being fundamentally revised and is expected to be available with a new design and extended display options from summer 2025.

An important research component of the working group for biodiversity mapping is the monitoring of selected species and habitats in the urban area that are of great importance from a nature conservation perspective. The monitoring was launched in 2023 and comprises a total of 24 study areas which represent key habitat types in Frankfurt. These include agricultural areas, new (recently created) and old (long-established) municipal parks, renaturalised areas, orchards, urban forest remnants, forest ponds and other water bodies (three study areas for each of the eight habitat types). The following surveys are carried out on all 24 areas every three years:

territory mapping of all breeding birds
recording of all ferns and seed plants by compiling complete flora lists
monitoring of the Great Capricorn Beetle (in study areas where the species recently occurs)

A particular focus of the monitoring is on the so-called target and responsible species of Frankfurt’s species and biotope protection concept (ABSK). Target species as defined by the ABSK are species in need of protection that are considered particularly rare or endangered or whose special habitat requirements are categorised as relevant for other species groups. Species of concern are species for which the City of Frankfurt and the State of Hesse bear a high degree of responsibility for their conservation and species that are either highly endangered or whose survival depends on stable populations in urban areas.

The 24 study areas are supplemented by 16 additional study areas in which individual species groups are recorded for which these areas are of particular importance.

In addition to monitoring the habitats that are relevant to nature conservation, the breeding populations of selected bird species throughout the city are also recorded every three years. These include the Little Ringed Plover, Great Reed Warbler, Grasshopper Warbler, Turtle Dove, White Stork, Marsh Harrier and Red-backed Shrike (all of them are target or responsible species of the ABSK).

The monitoring of species and habitats of conservation concern is intended to enable a long-term analysis of the change in species communities and the changes in populations of endangered species in Frankfurt. The aim is to identify the influences of land use, climate change and other factors. In some cases, results from earlier studies by the working group can also be incorporated.

Completed projects

Collaboration in the project: Andreas Malten, Dirk Bönsel, Indra Starke-Ottich and Georg Zizka

As part of the project funded by the “Stiftung Flughafen Frankfurt/Main für die Region”, studies were carried out between 2010 and 2013 on the biotope types, fauna and flora in the inner areas of the motorway interchange “Frankfurter Kreuz”. The immediately adjacent areas of the “Frankfurt Airport North” junction were also included, so that the study area covered a total of 31 hectares.

“Frankfurter Kreuz” is the junction with the highest traffic volume in Central Europe. It was extensively rebuilt between 1995 and 2000 and changed again a few years later due to construction work on the S-Bahn line to the Gateway Gardens business park. The inner areas of the interchange are practically untouched between maintenance work, so that plants and animals can develop there relatively undisturbed, provided they can tolerate the noise, vibrations and exhaust fumes.

319 species of ferns and flowering plants were recorded in the study area. This corresponds to over 22 % of all plant species occurring in Frankfurt at that time in an area covering only 0.12 % of the city. Nine species were classified as endangered according to the German and Hessian Red Lists, while a further eleven were classified as “near threatened”. In addition, four species are subject to legal protection under the Federal Species Protection Regulations and the Federal Nature Conservation Act.

Most of the species of conservation value were concentrated in the remnants of therophyte-rich sandy grasslands with transitions to heathland and bristle grassland as well as nutrient-poor grasslands in acidic locations in the north of the study area. However, at 0.19 % and 0.89 % respectively, both habitats made up only a very small part of the area. They are considered to be highly endangered in Germany and are protected by law; the nutrient-poor grasslands in acidic locations are also an FFH habitat type.

Maintenance measures to ensure that these areas remain open in the long term are therefore particularly important, especially as all sub-areas are at risk of scrub encroachment from adjacent fallow land and woodland. In particular, it was recommended to prevent an encroachment of brambles into the sandy grasslands. The preservation of the nutrient-poor grasslands is also important for the rare and in some cases highly endangered spider and ground beetle species, which are also concentrated in these habitats.

As expected, bird species were underrepresented in the study area, as they react more strongly to the disturbance caused by traffic noise than other animal groups. With 16 breeding bird species, there were only about half as many species at “Frankfurter Kreuz” as would have been expected in an area of the same size without a motorway. However, the breeding birds included notable species such as Red-backed Shrike, Whitethroat and Rattling warbler. The Red-backed Shrike in particular also benefited from the preservation of open sandy areas and rough grassland, as it hunts its prey on the ground in such areas. On the other hand, it needs shrubs and especially thorn bushes, which were also present at Frankfurter Kreuz.

In addition, 16 species were recorded as guest birds. Many of them breed in the adjacent forest areas and benefit from the habitat mosaic in the inner areas of “Frankfurter Kreuz”. It was also concluded from this that large-scale scrub encroachment should be avoided at all costs. For this purpose, mowing once or twice a year was recommended, whereby it is very important to remove the dried mown material. This should minimize further nutrient input into the large areas of ruderal meadows in the long term and thus have a positive impact on the composition of the flora and subsequently also the fauna in these areas.

As expected, neophytes and neozoa were also detected. The areas close to the lanes represented a special habitat in which neophytic plant species were frequently found. In this area, the suction effect of passing vehicles, strongly fluctuating availability of water, pollution, but also the deposition of dust on leaves and other plant parts played a role. The use of road salt in winter had a particular influence. This favours plant species growing in coastal regions that are adapted to salt patches. As a result, salt-tolerant species are spreading inland along the highways, “Frankfurter Kreuz” is no exception.

Thermophilic animal species that have only immigrated in recent decades have also been detected. However, these also occur elsewhere in the Rhine-Main region, so that despite the extreme volume of traffic, no special position of the Frankfurt intersection with regard to the introduction or immigration of neozoa could be determined.

Downloads (all Documents in German)

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the “Stiftung Flughafen Frankfurt/Main für die Region” for funding the project.

Collaboration in the project: Dirk Bönsel, Andreas Malten, Sabine Wagner, Georg Zizka

and

Micheline Middeke, Thomas Reuter, David Schale and Katja Trumpler

As part of the “Frankfurt 21” urban development project, the Senckenberg Research Institute was commissioned by the Environmental Office of the City of Frankfurt to carry out a study on the diversity of species and habitats on the former railroad grounds of the main station and freight yard.

The study, which has been in print since 2000, documented and described the flora, fauna and biotope types of the station aprons. The animals, plants and habitats were classified and evaluated from a nature conservation perspective. Furthermore, possible effects of the urban development project were discussed and objectives and proposed measures for further planning were derived on the basis of the species inventory. The assessment of the areas on the basis of the surveys showed that large areas were of high or very high importance for species and biotope protection.

The flora was characterised by a high species diversity with 448 vascular plants. It consisted primarily of elements that have migrated from natural raw soil sites such as gravel banks, rocky, grassy and sandy meadows, but also from fields or ruderal meadows. In addition, numerous neophytes were found, many of which were introduced by freight traffic. 12 species of flowering plants were in one of the categories of the Red Lists of the Federal Republic of Germany and Hesse. These include, for
example, Grey Hair-Grass (Corynephorus canescens), Immortelle (Helichrysum arenarium), Hedge Parsley (Torilis arvensis) and Spring Vetch (Vicia lathyroides).

With regard to the fauna, the species groups of birds, reptiles, butterflies, grasshoppers, ground beetles and spiders were examined. A total of 44 bird species, 2 species of reptiles, 18 species of butterflies and damselflies, 19 species of grasshoppers, 61 species of ground beetles, 145 species of spiders and weavers were recorded on both station areas. The freight yard site was found to be of particular importance for species conservation due to the presence of the Common Wall Lizard (Podarcis muralis), a species strictly protected by the EU Habitats Directive. Previously, this lizard species, whose nearest known occurrences are in the Upper and Middle Rhine Valley, was not known to be found in the Frankfurt city area.

The grasshopper fauna of the railroad facilities, which was species-rich, deserves special mention. The highly endangered Blue-winged Grasshopper (Sphingonotus caerulans), which is dependent on sparsely vegetated gravel and sandy areas, was documented in correspondingly high numbers thanks to good living conditions over large areas. Ground beetles and spiders were also well represented, with numerous species, some of which are highly endangered, recorded in the Red Lists. Three spider species were recorded here for the first time in Hesse.

Collaboration in the project: Andreas Malten, Dirk Bönsel, Matthias Fehlow and Prof. Dr. Georg Zizka

and

Uwe Barth, Dr. Karsten Böger, Ulrich Brenner, Marianne Demuth-Birkert, Markus Dietz, Manfred Grenz, Jorge Encarnação, Andreas König, Marko König, Dr. Josef Kreuziger, Kurt Möbus, Johannes Lang, Sabine Schach, Sandra Schweizer, Olaf Simon, Rudolf Twelbeck, Christoph Vogt, Sabine Wagner, Marion Weber, Christel Wedra and Petra Zub

In 2000, the Senckenberg Research Institute was commissioned to carry out basic floristic and faunistic surveys in the area of three possible expansion options for the Rhine-Main Airport. In addition to an area-wide biotope type mapping based on the biotope key of the City of Frankfurt, investigations were carried out on the floristic species inventory and vegetation. The extensive faunistic surveys focused on the animal groups of large, medium-sized and small mammals, bats, birds, reptiles, amphibians, dragonflies, butterflies, moths, grasshoppers, wood beetles, ground beetles, spiders and weaver beetles.

The results of the three intensively studied forest areas around the airport (Schwanheim, Kelsterbach and Mörfelden study areas) are presented in a seven-part report with numerous maps entitled “Erfassung von Flora, Fauna und Biotoptypen im Umfeld des Flughafens Frankfurt am Main” and are made available to the public here as pdf files.

The study area also included the entire Frankfurt municipal forest south of the Main. There, for example, a total of 38 water bodies and water systems were mapped in more detail to investigate the amphibian and dragonfly populations.

The very large populations of the nationally highly endangered Agile Frog (Rana dalmatina) in the eastern city forest were particularly noteworthy. Only a few specimens of this species had previously been recorded there, but populations of more than 1500 spawning females were counted during the surveys in spring 2000 and 2001. In contrast, the Green-eyed Hawker (Anaciaeshna isosceles), which was also found at a pond in the eastern city forest in 2000, was very rare.

Among other things, the results clearly showed the problems of water bodies in urban areas. Many ponds had large populations of exotic fish species, as well as large numbers of non-native turtles. Successful reproduction of native amphibians was hardly possible in these bodies of water. The results could therefore be used to plan measures for the ecological enhancement of these standing waters.

Overall, the investigations confirmed the high diversity, especially in the old deciduous forest stands of the municipal forest. Eleven bat species were found in the Frankfurt city forest, some of them in very large populations. The two species Bechstein’s Bat (Myotis bechsteini) and Greater Mouse-eared Bat (Myotis myotis), which are endangered throughout Europe, were found with individuals in the Schwanheim forest.

Complete index (All documents in German)

Complete table of contents pdf-format, 112 KB

Part I Basics pdf-format, 3,72 MB

Part II Schwanheim study area pdf-format, 1.56 MB

Part III Kelsterbach study area pdf-format, 1.45 MB

Part IV Mörfelden study area pdf-format, 1.87 MB

Part V Species and biotopes pdf-format, 5.03 MB

Part VI Appendix of tables pdf-format, 2.01 MB

Part VII Map appendix jpg-format, 582 KB

All maps are listed in the table of contents. As these maps contain many locations of rare, protected and/or endangered and sensitive animal and plant species, we have to refrain from making them generally accessible at this point. If you can demonstrate a legitimate interest, please contact the Biotope Mapping Working Group to inspect the maps.

As an example, only two assessment maps resulting from the surveys are presented here:

VII.2.2.3 Bats Assessment pdf-format, 4.47 MB

VII.2.8.2 Wood beetle assessment pdf-format, 4.48 MB

Publications

Bönsel, D. (2021). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 33/1-33/41. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 33: 179-187.

Bönsel, D. (2022). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 34/1-34/20. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 34: 195-198.

Bönsel, D. (2023). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 35/4-35/12. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 35: 169-172.

Bönsel, D., Malten, A., Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022). Frankfurter Kreuz – europäischer Knotenpunkt und unbekannter Hotspot der Diversität. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 70-83.

Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P., Hodvina, S., Barth, U. M., Hepting, C., Peters, A., Jeske, L. (2021). Klappertopf, Hohlzahn, Ferkelkraut & Co. Hessische Verantwortungsarten – Teil 3. Naturschutzskripte 4. 320 S.; Hessisches Landesamt für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG), Wiesbaden.

Hartmanshenn, T., Arland-Kommraus, J. J., Butt, V., Ditscher, P., Kausch, E., Leuthold, F., Lott, K., Hesse, S., Starke-Ottich, I., Reich, M., Rethschulte, C., Zizka, G., Zoch, C. (2023). Städte wagen Wildnis – Vielfalt erleben. Mehr Mut zu wilder Stadtnatur. Bericht zum Abschluss des Projektes 2016-2021. BfN-Schriften 662: 1-320. Doi: 10.19217/skr662

Klatt, D. (2021). Rubus armeniacus – ein wenig beachteter Neophyt in Frankfurt am Main. IX + 86 S.; Bachelorarbeit, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Püschel, J., Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022). Wildes Leben am Frankfurter Hauptfriedhof. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 58-69.

Schrauth, F. (2022). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 34/280-34/284. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 34: 249.

Schrauth, F. (2023). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 35/148-35/149. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 35: 201-202.

Schrauth, F. (2024). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 36/311-36/312. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 36: 222.

Schrauth, F. (2025). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 37/251-37/257. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 37: 112-113.

Schrauth, F., Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022). Der Biegwald – ein Relikt ursprünglicher Wildnis mitten in der Stadt. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 28-41.

Sommer, J., Starke-Ottich, I., Bönsel, D., Schrauth, F., Zizka, G. (2022). Nicht wild, aber trotzdem wertvoll? Die alte Kulturlandschaft Sossenheimer Unterfeld. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 42-55.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2021). Buchbesprechung: Bönsel, D., P. Schmidt, U. Barth, M. Förster, T. Gregor, C. Hepting, S. Hodvina, L. Jeske 2019: Leinblatt, Ehrenpreis, Knabenkraut & Co., Hessische Verantwortungsarten. Teil 2. – Naturschutzskripte 2. (Herausgeber: Hessisches Landesamt für Naturschutz und Geologie), Wiesbaden. 171 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-89026-931-3. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 33: 242-244.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2021). Grünanlagen in Frankfurt – Puffer und Lebensraum. In: Gorgus, N., Voigt, L. [Hrsg.]: Frankfurter Gartenlust – Ein Lesebuch zur Ausstellung. Schriften des Historischen Museums Frankfurt 40: 283-288.

Starke-Ottich, I., Malten, A., Zizka, G. (2022): Erkenntnisse aus fünf Projektjahren “Städte wagen Wildnis”. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 201-209.

Starke-Ottich, I., Schrauth, F. (2024). Frankfurts alte Wälder. In: Bohnenkamp-Renken, A., Franzen, B., Lepp, N., Meyer, K. [Hrsg.]: Wälder – Von der Romantik in die Zukunft. Magazin zur Ausstellung. Freies Deutsches Hochstift, Frankfurt am Main, S. 130-131.

Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022): Pflanzenvielfalt der Frankfurter Wildnisflächen. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 148-159.

Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022). Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 296 S.; Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main.

Steinbeisser, M., Bönsel, D., Starke-Ottich, I., Malten, A., Zizka, G. (2022). Die Renaturierung des Fechenheimer Mainbogens. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 16-27.

Walther, F., Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2022). Die übersehene Stadtnatur – Vegetation der Pflasterfugen. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 118-131.

Zizka, A., Starke-Ottich, I., Bönsel, D., Eichenberg, D., Zizka, G. (2025). Vorschläge zur Integration automatischer Gefährdungseinschätzungen in den Erstellungsprozess der bundes- und landesweiten Roten Listen. Natur und Landschaft 100 (5): 216-222. <Journal Impact Factor 2024: 0.07>

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I. (2022). Warum Wildnis in der Stadt? In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 8-13.

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I., Bönsel, D. (2022). Baumscheiben – ein unterschätzter städtischer Lebensraum. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 132-137.

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I., Bönsel, D., Schrauth, F. (2022). “Wild gewordene” Pflanzen in Frankfurt: der Götterbaum. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 138-145.

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I., Hartmanshenn, T. (2022). Zukunft der Stadtwildnis. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Wildnis in Frankfurt. Senckenberg-Buch 87: 210-217.

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I., Schrauth, F., Bönsel, D. (2022). Stadtnatur in Frankfurt – große Vielfalt auf engem Raum. Geographische Rundschau 3: 40-45.

Bönsel, D. (2016). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 29/2-29/30. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 29, 49-54.

Bönsel, D. (2018). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 30/3-30/13. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 30: 117-119.

Bönsel, D. (2019). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 31/9-31/17. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 31: 90-93.

Bönsel, D. (2020). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 32/1-31/15. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 32: 157-160.

Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P. (2015 [„2016“]). Die Pflanzenwelt des Vogelsberges. 12 faszinierende Entdeckungstouren auf dem Vulkan. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim, 432 S.

Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P. (2016). Zur aktuellen Situation des Hügel-Knäuelkrautes (Scleranthus verticillatus) in Hessen. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 29, 37-48.

Bönsel., D., Schmidt, P. (2018). Zur aktuellen Situation der Aufrechten Weißmiere (Moenchia erecta) in Hessen. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 30: 83-97.

Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P., Hepting, C., Förster, M., Barth, U. M., Cezanne, R., Hodvina, S., Gregor, T. (2018). Guter Heinrich, Pfingst-Nelke, Färber-Scharte & Co., Hessische Verantwortungsarten – Teil 1. Naturschutzskripte 1: 1-132.

Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P., Hepting, C., Förster, M., Jeske, L., Barth, U. M., Hodvina, S., Gregor, T. (2019). Leinblatt, Ehrenpreis, Knabenkraut & Co. Hessische Verantwortungsarten – Teil 2. Naturschutzskripte 2. 171 S.; Hessisches Landesamt für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG), Wiesbaden.

Ditscher, P., Hesse, S., Leuthold, F., Starke-Ottich, I., Warnecke, W., Wermter, K. (2020). Expedition in die Stadtwildnis: spielen – werkeln – forschen. 26 S.; Städte wagen Wildnis, BioFrankfurt – das Netzwerk für Biodiversität e.V., Frankfurt am Main.

Gregor, T., Bönsel, D., Schmidt, P. (2018). [Artensteckbrief] Haar-Laichkraut. Potamogeton trichoides Cham. & Schltdl. Naturschutzskripte 1: 97-102.

Malten, A., Bönsel, D., Gregor, T., Starke-Ottich, I. (2019). Vogelschutzgehölze – Raum für seltene Arten? In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Stadtnatur in Frankfurt – vielfältig, schützenswert, notwendig. Senckenberg-Buch 82: 41-53.

Malten, A., Starke-Ottich, I. (2019). Isoliert – die Knoblauchkröte. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Stadtnatur in Frankfurt – vielfältig, schützenswert, notwendig. Senckenberg-Buch 82: 111-115.

Püschel, J. (2020). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 32/136. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 32: 178.

Püschel, J. (2020). Flora, Fauna und Biotoptypen des Frankfurter Hauptfriedhofs. 149 S. + digitaler Anhang. Masterarbeit, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Schäfer, L. (2020). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 32/138-32/158. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 32: 179-181.

Schäfer, L., Gregor, T., Paule, J., Starke-Ottich, I., Bönsel, D. (2019). Typha-Arten in Frankfurt am Main. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 31: 37-50.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2017). Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. In: Stadt Frankfurt am Main [Hrsg.]: Neophyten. Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. Palmengarten Sonderheft 49: 7-13.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2017). Gekommen um zu bleiben? Begriffe und Definitionen. In: Stadt Frankfurt am Main [Hrsg.]: Neophyten. Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. Palmengarten Sonderheft 49: 14-19.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2017). Wilde Bäume in Frankfurt. In: Stadt Frankfurt am Main [Hrsg.]: Neophyten. Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. Palmengarten Sonderheft 49: 32-37.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2020). Fundmeldungen. Neufunde – Bestätigungen – Verluste, 32/159-32/162. Botanik und Naturschutz in Hessen 32: 181-182.

Starke-Ottich, I. (2020). Mein Weg aus der Plastikfalle. Wie sich Kunststoffe im Alltag vermeiden lassen. 212 S.; Oekom, München.

Starke-Ottich, I., Becela-Deller, C., Wessel, M. (2020). Der Senckenbergische Arzneipflanzengarten im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt am Main. 320 S.; Palmengarten der Stadt Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main.

Starke-Ottich, I., Gregor, T. (Koord./Red.) (2019). Rote Liste der Farn- und Samenpflanzen Hessens – 5. Fassung. 271 S.; Hessisches Landesamt für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG), Wiesbaden.

Starke-Ottich, I., Malten, A. (2019). Die Grastränke – verborgenes Kleinod im Frankfurter Stadtwald. In: Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. [Hrsg.]: Stadtnatur in Frankfurt – vielfältig, schützenswert, notwendig. Senckenberg-Buch 82: 174-183.

Starke-Ottich, I., Schmidt, M., Zizka, G. (2020). Mit dem Smartphone für die Wissenschaft – Wie Bürger zur Kenntnis der Frankfurter und hessischen Flora beitragen können. Palmengarten 84 (2): 132-137.

Starke-Ottich, I., Schrauth, F., Malten, A., Gregor, T. (2020). Vogelschutz in Großstädten: Wie effektiv sind Vogelschutzgehölze? Transforming Cities 2020 (3): 80-83.

Starke-Ottich, I., Steinecke, H., Frosch, C. (2017). Neophyten im Porträt. In: Stadt Frankfurt am Main [Hrsg.]: Neophyten. Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. Palmengarten Sonderheft 49: 84-101.

Starke-Ottich, I., Zizka, G. (2017). Frankfurter Flora im Wandel. In: Stadt Frankfurt am Main [Hrsg.]: Neophyten. Neu und fest verwurzelt – Pflanzen mit Migrationshintergrund. Palmengarten Sonderheft 49: 74-83.

Zizka, G., Starke-Ottich, I. (2019). Veränderungen von Flora und Fauna in Frankfurt am Main in den letzten 200 Jahren. S. 170-173 in: Lozán, J. L., Breckle, S.-W., Graßl, H., Kuttler, W., Matzarakis, A. [Hrsg.]: Warnsignal Klima – Die Städte. Wissenschaftliche Fakten. 304 S.; Wissenschaftliche Auswertungen, Hamburg.